Importance of Training and Development in an Organisation

Training and Development is an important field of Human Resource Management in an Organisation which is concerned with the improvement in the performance of the employees. It is an Organizational activity which leads to Skills enhancement thereby leading to improved quality of work. Training is a learning process that involves acquisition of knowledge, sharpening of 'transferable skills' and modification of behaviour.It builds good employee relationship thereby increasing the profit ratio of the Company.

Training helps to develop leadership skills, positive attitude, team spirit and loyalty towards the Organization.Training improves morale of the workforce. Employees start looking at the Organisation with a positive attitude, thereby creating a positive public image of the Organisation.

T&D is an important tool of HRM and helps an Organization to control 'attrition rate' because training motivates employees to achieve their professional and personal goals. It thereby increases the level of Job satisfaction. It helps the employees derive job satisfaction.

Training involves three participants, first being the Organization, second the training establishment [or the in-house training unit] and finally the trainees [employees]. Training can be in the form of an induction program for the newly recruited employees or an knowledge upgradation program for the existing employees.

Training is a transforming process which requires some inputs from the Organisation and produces output in the form of improved KSAs [Knowledge, Skills, Attitudes]. Initially, training was considered to be an waste of time and resources but today it is considered to be an investment. It is considered an investment because it increases productivity of the employees thereby enabling the Organisation achieve its long-term goals.

METHODS OF TRAINING

There are three methods of training:
1. COGNITIVE METHOD
2. BEHAVIOURAL METHOD
3. MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT METHOD

1.COGNITIVE METHOD : It is a theoritical method of training where rules are taught in a subjective manner. It can be written or verbal in form. The examples of Cognitive method are:
- Lectures
- Demonstrations
- Discussions

2. BEHAVIOURAL METHOD: It gives practical training to the trainees and is objective in approach. Examples of Behavioural method are:
- Business games
- Case studies
- Role plays

3. MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT METHOD: It instills reasoning and logical capabilities in the trainees. The various methods in this approach are:

1. On the job training
- Coaching
- Mentoring
- Job instructions

2. Off the job training
- Transactional analysis
- Exercises

Training and Development helps to improve quality of work and life of the employees.